Drawing on both classic and current approaches, I propose a theory that integrates
motivation, personality, and development within one framework, using a common set of …

Scholarly research on the topic of leadership has witnessed a dramatic increase over the
last decade, resulting in the development of diverse leadership theories. To take stock of …

We argue that it is useful to distinguish between three key goals of personality science—
description, prediction and explanation—and that attaining them often requires different …

In this target article, we argue that personality processes, personality structure, and
personality development have to be understood and investigated in integrated ways in order …

Personality researchers should modify models of traits to include mechanisms of differential
reaction to situations. Whole Trait Theory does so via five main points. First, the descriptive …

Cybernetics, the study of goal-directed, adaptive systems, is the best framework for an
integrative theory of personality. Cybernetic Big Five Theory attempts to provide a …

Taxonomies of person characteristics are well developed, whereas taxonomies of
psychologically important situation characteristics are underdeveloped. A working model of …

There is currently no consensus on how to study psychological situations, and situation
research is still riddled with problems of conceptualization (what is a situation and what is it …

This article reviews the causal implications of latent variable and psychometric network
models for the validation of personality trait questionnaires. These models imply different …

The joint influence of persons and situations on behavior has long been posited by
personality and social psychological theory (Funder, 2006; Lewin, 1951). However, a lack of …