Car passengers are frequently sitting in non-nominal postures and are able to perform a
wide range of activities since they are not limited by tasks related to vehicle control, contrary …

Occupant kinematics during evasive maneuvers, such as crash avoidance braking or
steering, varies within the population. Studies have tried to correlate the response to …

Objective The objectives of this study were to evaluate computationally efficient small female
(54.1 kg, 149.9 cm) and midsize male (78.4 kg, 174.9 cm) models with active muscles using …

Objective Pre-pretensioner (PPT) seatbelts have been found to be effective in controlling
vehicle occupants' motion response to disturbances in optimally positioned occupants, but it …

Emergency braking can generate forward displacement that may influence the effectiveness
of protection in collisions, especially for passengers. The development of automated …

Vehicle occupants expect greater postural flexibility with the introduction of highly automated
vehicles, such as reclined postures. Experiments have been conducted with post mortem …

Background A deep understanding of human reactions and stabilization strategies is
required to predict their kinematics under external dynamic loadings, such as those that …

In situations that might lead to a vehicle crash, drivers often perform an evasive maneuver,
such as braking or steering, in an attempt to avoid a crash. If a crash was not avoided, the …

This thesis ultimately aims to enhance occupant protection by incorporating aspects of
realworld crash heterogeneity, often overlooked within current safety assessments. By …

This study investigates the kinematics of vehicle occupants on the passenger seat in
reclined and upright seated positions. Thirty-nine volunteers (12 female and 27 male) were …