Natriuretic peptides, which are activated in heart failure, play an important cardioprotective
role. The most notable of the cardioprotective natriuretic peptides are atrial natriuretic …

Natriuretic peptides, brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal prohormone of
brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are globally and most often used for the diagnosis of …

The recommendations listed in this document are, whenever possible, evidence based. An
extensive evidence review was conducted through October 2011 and includes selected …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious problem affecting millions and causing
death and disability for many. In 2012, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes …

Background Nesiritide is approved in the United States for early relief of dyspnea in patients
with acute heart failure. Previous meta-analyses have raised questions regarding renal …

It is important that the medical profession play a significant role in critically evaluating the
use of diagnostic procedures and therapies as they are introduced and tested in the …

A consensus conference on cardio-renal syndromes (CRS) was held in Venice Italy, in
September 2008 under the auspices of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI). The …

The term cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) increasingly has been used without a consistent or
well-accepted definition. To include the vast array of interrelated derangements, and to …

Objectives: To determine whether venous congestion, rather than impairment of cardiac
output, is primarily associated with the development of worsening renal function (WRF) in …

Outcomes for heart failure (HF) patients remain suboptimal. No known therapy improves
mortality in acute HF and HF with preserved ejection fraction; the most recent HF trial results …