Two years after the appearance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the causal agent of the current
global pandemic, it is time to analyze the evolution of the immune protection that infection …

Recent evidence shows that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-
2) is sensitive to interferons (IFNs). However, the most effective types of IFNs and the …

Abstract Background/Objectives The safety and immunogenicity of the BNT162b2
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine in older adults with different frailty and …

Cellular metabolism is essential for the correct function of immune system cells, including
Natural Killer cells (NK). These cells depend on energy to carry out their effector functions …

Main cause of severe illness and death in COVID-19 patients appears to be an excessive
but ineffectual inflammatory immune response that may cause severe acute respiratory …

The pandemic of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2) has led to the deaths of more than 1.5 million people worldwide. SARS-CoV …

An efficient host immune response is crucial in controlling viral infections. Despite most
studies focused on the implication of T and B cell response in COVID-19 (Corona Virus …

T cells play a critical role in coronavirus diseases. How they do so in COVID-19 may be
revealed by analyzing the epigenetic chromatin accessibility of cis-and trans-regulatory …

Background CD8+ T cells are important for protective immunity against intracellular
pathogens. Excessive amounts of antigen and/or inflammatory signals often lead to the …

Background Lymphopenia is a hallmark of severe coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).
Similar alterations have been described in bacterial sepsis and therapeutic strategies …