Ionic liquids are molten salts that have excellent chemical and thermal stability. Because
they have qualities inherent to some precepts of green chemistry, they are identified as a …

Synthetic polymers, commonly referred to as plastics, are anthropogenic contaminants that
adversely affect the natural ecosystems. The continuous disposal of long lifespan plastics …

Fungi are an understudied, biotechnologically valuable group of organisms. Due to the
immense range of habitats that fungi inhabit, and the consequent need to compete against a …

Regarding the supply of fossil fuels, greenhouse gasses emission, global warming, and
increasing fuel price; there is a need to find alternative energy resources, which are …

Actual agricultural practices produce about 998 million tonnes of agricultural waste per year.
Therefore, converting lignocellulosic wastes into energy, chemicals, and other products is a …

As a clean and efficient method of lignocellulosic biomass separation, organic acid
pretreatment has attracted extensive research. Hemicellulose or lignin is selectively isolated …

Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable resource that potentially contains
large amounts of energy. It is an interesting alternative for fossil fuels, allowing the …

Lignocellulose biomass during pretreatment releases various compounds, among them the
most important is reducing sugars, which can be utilized for the production of biofuels and …

Biocompatible ionic liquids (Bio-ILs) are an eco-and bio-friendly family of ionic liquids (ILs)
useful in applications ranging from the electrochemical to the biomedical fields. The most …

Pretreatment is an important process to transform lignocellulosic biomass to high-value
chemicals. This process potentially provides economic sustainability, which is challenged by …