Although psychoactive drugs have their therapeutic values, they have been implicated in the
pathogenesis of male infertility. This study highlights psychoactive drugs reported to impair …

Cadmium (Cd) has potential hazards on human beings. Consequently, this study was
performed to explore the protective effects of agomelatine (AGO), a melatonin receptor …

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is used in HIV‐infected patients. Alongside the
prolongation of patients' life, adverse side effects associated with long‐term therapy are …

Purpose: Ketamine is an anesthetic in clinical, but it has also been used as an abusing drug
due to its low price and hallucinogenic effects. It is proved that ketamine abusing would …

Introduction Ischemia/reperfusion injury occurs after testicular torsion, levels of free oxygen
radicals and inflammatory cytokines are increased in both the torsional and contralateral …

Objectives: Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used in the management of several
malignancies and autoimmune disorders; however, testicular damage is one of the most …

Aim Long-term ketamine use is known to create an interstitial cystitis-like problem in the
bladder. It is known that long-term intermittent ketamine is applied to the children receiving …

Ketamine, which used to be widely applied in human and animal medicine as a dissociative
anesthetic, has become a popular recreational drug because of its hallucinogenic effect. Our …

Surgery in animals, like in humans, leads to endocrine changes. They result from both
surgical stress and drugs used in anaesthesiology. The authors of this review presented …