The skin provides essential functions, such as thermoregulation, hydration, excretion and
synthesis of vitamin D. Major disruptions of the skin cause impairment of critical functions …

Vitamin A, a generic designation for an array of organic molecules that includes retinal,
retinol and retinoic acid, is an essential nutrient needed in a wide array of aspects including …

A leaky gut has been observed in a number of autoimmune diseases including type 1
diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus …

The skin comprises a complex coordinated system of epithelial tissue cells and immune
cells that ensure adequate immune reactions against trauma, toxins and pathogens, while …

Over the last century, diabetes has been treated with subcutaneous insulin, a discovery that
enabled patients to forego death from hyperglycemia. Despite novel insulin formulations …

Vitamin A promotes development of mucosal tolerance and enhances differentiation of
regulatory T cells. Vitamin A deficiency impairs epithelial integrity, increasing intestinal …

IL-36 cytokines are emerging as potent orchestrators of intestinal inflammation and are
being implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, the …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for the maintenance of immune homeostasis and self-
tolerance and can be therapeutically used for prevention of unwanted immune responses …

Maintaining the identity of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) is critical for controlling immune
responses in the gut, where an imbalance between Tregs and T effector cells has been …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical players of immunological tolerance due to their ability
to suppress effector T cell function thereby preventing transplant rejection and autoimmune …