Large herbivores play unique ecological roles and are disproportionately imperiled by
human activity. As many wild populations dwindle towards extinction, and as interest grows …

Fire is an integral part of the Earth System and humans have skillfully used fire for millennia.
Yet human activities are scaling up and reinforcing each other in ways that are reshaping …

Earth's ancient grasslands and savannas—hereafter old-growth grasslands—have long
been viewed by scientists and environmental policymakers as early successional plant …

There is growing interest in the application of alternative stable state (ASS) theory to explain
major vegetation patterns of the world. Here, we introduce the theory as applied to the …

This paper presents a review of concepts related to wildfire risk assessment, including the
determination of fire ignition and propagation (fire danger), the extent to which fire may …

Forest wildfire impact is widely believed to increase with time since disturbance, presenting
a dilemma for the persistence of fire‐sensitive species. However, in south‐western Australia …

The ecology of Madagascar's grasslands is under-investigated and the dearth of ecological
understanding of how disturbance by fire and grazing shapes these grasslands stems from a …

Abstract Explanations for the Upper Pleistocene extinction of megafauna from Sahul
(Australia and New Guinea) remain unresolved. Extinction hypotheses have advanced …

Tropical forests contribute a major sink for anthropogenic carbon emissions essential to
slowing down the buildup of atmospheric CO2 and buffering climate change impacts …

Plants are the largest biomass component of most terrestrial ecosystems, and litter
decomposition is considered the dominant process by which nutrients return to plants. We …