Abstract Background Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are double agents, which
downregulate endogenous concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone whilst …

The gut microbiome is a key factor in determining inter-individual variability in response to
diet. Thus far, research in this area has focused on metabolic health outcomes such as …

In general, it is well recognized that both acute physical exercises and regular physical
training influence brain plasticity and cognitive functions positively. However, growing …

The ergogenic and therapeutic effects of increasing muscle creatine by supplementation are
well-recognized. It appears that similar benefits to brain function and cognitive processing …

Autoregulation is a process that is used to manipulate training based primarily on the
measurement of an individual's performance or their perceived capability to perform. Despite …

New Findings What is the topic for this review? We discuss the dichotomization of
continuous‐level physiological measurements into 'responders' and 'non‐responders' when …

Blood-based biomarkers can provide an objective individualized measure of training load,
recovery, and health status in order to reduce injury risk and maximize performance. Despite …

Background: Many reports describe statistical approaches for estimating interindividual
differences in trainability and classifying individuals as “responders” or “non-responders.” …

Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) is a clinically relevant phenomenon that has been widely
investigated. However, the characteristics of study designs, such as familiarization to blood …

The different responses of humans to an apparently equivalent stimulus are called
interindividual response variability. This phenomenon has gained more and more attention …