Cancer chemotherapy resistance (MDR) is the innate and/or acquired ability of cancer cells
to evade the effects of chemotherapeutics and is one of the most pressing major dilemmas in …

The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family consists of four members that
belong to the ErbB lineage of proteins (ErbB1–4). These receptors consist of a glycosylated …

Bioavailability is a key step in ensuring bioefficacy of bioactive food compounds or oral
drugs. Bioavailability is a complex process involving several different stages: liberation …

The history of drug metabolism began in the 19th Century and developed slowly. In the mid-
20th Century the relationship between drug metabolism and toxicity became appreciated …

Advances in the flavonoid field have been nothing short of spectacular over the last 20
years. While the medical field has noticed flavonoids for their potential antioxidant …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules that are naturally generated
in small amounts during the body's metabolic reactions and can react with and damage …

Human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 is the most abundant hepatic and intestinal phase I
enzyme that metabolizes approximately 50% marketed drugs. The crystal structure of bound …

Flavonoids represent a group of phytochemicals exhibiting a wide range of biological
activities arising mainly from their antioxidant properties and ability to modulate several …

This chapter is an update of the data on substrates, reactions, inducers, and inhibitors of
human CYP enzymes published previously by Rendic and DiCarlo Citation 1a, Citation 1b …

Abstract The cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes first attracted interest because of their
relevance to the metabolism of drugs, steroids, and carcinogens. Collectively, the 57 human …