Nowadays, the great majority of toxicological studies have focused on immediate
cardiovascular effects of simultaneous exposure to long-term or short-term PM 2.5; yet …

Background: atherosclerotic process inexorably advances in patients reaching low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets. An attractive hypothesis is that lipoprotein particles …

Through both backward (Pb) and forward (Pf) wave effects, a lower heart rate (HR)
associates with increased central (PPc), beyond brachial pulse pressure (PP). However, the …

Background Carotid atherosclerosis by ultrasound scanning can be considered as an ideal
window to reflect systemic artery atherosclerosis, which has aroused wide concern for …

Aims: To determine whether the confounding influence of stroke work on left ventricular
mass (LVM) limits the ability of LVM to detect hypertensive LV dysfunction in systemic flow …

Aims A lower heart rate (HR) increases central blood pressure through enhanced backward
wave pressures (Pb). We aimed to determine whether these relationships are modified by …

Background: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the gold-standard noninvasive
measure of arterial stiffness. Data comparing tonometry-based devices such as the …

Aim: We aimed to determine whether the impact of aortic stiffness on atherosclerotic or small
vessel end organ damage beyond brachial blood pressure depends in-part on stiffness …

Hypertensive heart failure is a major cause of death and disability in Africa and the world
today. Although much is known about the transition to heart failure in hypertension, there is …

Stroke often occurs over a younger adult age range in low to middle-income countries. As
standard risk prediction strongly depends on age, the ability to detect the risk of stroke over …