Plants can be colonized by fungi that have adopted highly diverse lifestyles, ranging from
symbiotic to necrotrophic. Colonization is governed in all systems by hundreds of secreted …

Microorganisms, although being very diverse because they comprise prokaryotic organisms
such as bacteria or eukaryotic organisms such as fungi, all share an essential exodigester …

Rust fungi are obligate biotrophic pathogens that cause considerable damage on crop
plants. Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of wheat stem rust, and Melampsora …

Rust fungi are devastating crop pathogens that deliver effector proteins into infected tissues
to modulate plant functions and promote parasitic growth. The genome of the poplar leaf rust …

Barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh), is an obligate biotrophic
ascomycete fungal pathogen that can grow and reproduce only on living cells of wild or …

The obligate biotrophic rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina is the most devastating and
widespread pathogen of poplars. Studies over recent years have identified various small …

Abstract Witches' broom disease (WBD), caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus
Moniliophthora perniciosa, is one of the most devastating diseases of Theobroma cacao, the …

Rust fungi cause serious yield reductions on crops, including wheat, barley, soybean, coffee,
and represent real threats to global food security. Of these fungi, the flax rust pathogen …

The cell secretome is a collection of proteins consisting of transmembrane proteins (TM) and
proteins secreted by cells into the extracellular space. A significant portion (~ 13–20%) of the …

Damage or mortality from pathogens can reduce productivity of forest plantations, as well as
significantly harm natural forest ecosystems. Genetic resistance within the host species is …