Surface processes currently dominate Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) mass loss. We review
recent developments in the observation and modeling of GrIS surface mass balance (SMB) …

Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Arctic in response to
anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream …

Rapid mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is affecting sea level and, through
increased freshwater and sediment discharge, ocean circulation, sea-ice, biogeochemistry …

Surface ablation of the Greenland ice sheet is amplified by surface darkening caused by
light‐absorbing impurities such as mineral dust, black carbon, and pigmented microbial …

Greenland runoff, from ice mass loss and increasing rainfall, is increasing. That runoff, as
discharge, impacts the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the adjacent fjords …

Reducing the uncertainty in the past, present, and future contribution of ice sheets to sea-
level change requires a coordinated effort between the climate and glaciology communities …

Submarine melting of Greenlandic tidewater glacier termini is proposed as a possible
mechanism driving their recent thinning and retreat. We use a general circulation model …

To improve Greenland Ice Sheet surface mass balance (SMB) simulation, the subsurface
scheme of the HIRHAM5 regional climate model was extended to include snow …

The effect of the North Atlantic Ocean on the Greenland Ice Sheet through submarine
melting of Greenland's tidewater glacier calving fronts is thought to be a key driver of …

Climate change threatens many well‐preserved archaeological sites in the Arctic. The paper
presents the first Arctic multi‐threat assessment focusing on the Nuuk region of Greenland …