DNA techniques, analytical methods and palaeoclimatic studies are greatly advancing our
knowledge of the global distribution of genetic diversity, and how it evolved. Such …

The savannah biome of sub‐Saharan Africa harbours the highest diversity of ungulates
(hoofed mammals) on Earth. In this review, we compile population genetic data from 19 …

Why do males and females frequently differ so markedly in body size and morphology? Sex,
Size, and Gender Roles is the first book to investigate the genetic, developmental, and …

The social brain hypothesis argues that large brains have arisen over evolutionary time as a
response to the social and ecological conflicts inherent in group living. We test predictions …

In this study, we synthesize terrestrial and marine proxy records, spanning the past 620 ky,
to decipher pan-African climate variability and its drivers and potential linkages to hominin …

The climatic and environmental changes associated with the last glaciation (90,000 to
10,000 years before the present; 90 to 10 ka BP) are an important example of the effects of …

As the brain is responsible for managing an individual's behavioral response to its
environment, we should expect that large relative brain size is an evolutionary response to …

Background A central question in the evolutionary diversification of large, widespread,
mobile mammals is how substantial differentiation can arise, particularly in the absence of …

Background Baboons of the genus Papio are distributed over wide ranges of Africa and
even colonized parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Traditionally, five phenotypically distinct …

Among mammals, the members of some Orders have relatively large brains. Alternative
explanations for this have emphasized either social or ecological selection pressures …