Cellular cytotoxicity, the ability to kill other cells, is an important effector mechanism of the
immune system to combat viral infections and cancer. Cytotoxic T cells and natural killer …

T regulatory cells suppress a variety of immune responses to self-antigens and play a role in
peripheral tolerance maintenance by limiting autoimmune disorders, and other pathological …

The antitumor efficacy of cancer immunotherapy can correlate with the presence of certain
bacterial species within the gut microbiome. However, many of the molecular mechanisms …

Antibodies targeting immune checkpoints are emerging as potent and viable cancer
therapies, but not all patients respond to these as single agents. Concurrently targeting …

Individuals with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) harboring an internal tandem duplication
(ITD) in the gene encoding Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) who relapse after …

Combination therapy concurrently targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints leads to
remarkable antitumor effects. Although both PD-1 and CTLA-4 dampen the T cell activation …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint pathology characterized by progressive cartilage degradation.
Medical care is mainly based on alleviating pain symptoms. Compelling studies report the …

Regulatory T (TReg) cells are essential for maintaining peripheral tolerance, preventing
autoimmune diseases and limiting chronic inflammatory diseases. However, they also limit …

Programmed cell death is a distinct genetic and biochemical pathway essential to
metazoans. An intact death pathway is required for successful embryonic development and …

This review is an account of how pulmonary damage caused by cigarette smoke and other
environmental toxins can incite inflammatory and immunologic reactions that culminate in …