Exosomes, the cell-derived small extracellular vehicles, play a vital role in intracellular
communication by reciprocally transporting DNA, RNA, bioactive protein, chains of glucose …

Natural killer (NK) cells display a unique inherent ability to identify and eliminate virus-
infected cells and tumor cells. They are particularly powerful for elimination of hematological …

Cancer is designated as one of the principal causes of mortality universally. Among different
types of cancer, brain cancer remains the most challenging one due to its aggressiveness …

In recent years, liquid biopsy has emerged as an alternative method to diagnose and
monitor tumors. Compared to classical tissue biopsy procedures, liquid biopsy facilitates the …

Exosomes constitute small extracellular vesicles that contain lipids, proteins, nucleic acids,
and glycoconjugates from the secreted cells and are capable of transmitting signals …

Tumor hypoxia promotes malignant progression and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma
partly by increasing the production of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), a type of reactive oxygen …

Glioblastoma (GBM) stands for the most common and aggressive type of brain tumour in
adults. It is highly invasive, which explains its short rate of survival. Little is known about its …

Cancer therapy resistance (CTR) is the development of cancer resistance to multiple
therapeutic strategies, which severely affects clinical response and leads to cancer …

Glioma is a frequently occurring type of cancer that affects the central nervous system.
Despite the availability of standardized treatment options including surgical resection …

Background Glioma is the most common primary intracranial malignancy in clinical practice,
and in particular, IDH‐wildtype glioblastoma has the worst prognosis. In recent years …