Regulation of mRNA translation is a rapid and effective means to couple changes in the
cellular environment with global rates of protein synthesis. In response to stresses, such as …

Cells reprogram gene expression in response to environmental changes by mobilizing
transcriptional activators. The activator protein Gcn4 of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae …

The ribosome-associated protein quality control (RQC) system that resolves stalled
translation events is activated when ribosomes collide and form disome, trisome, or higher …

The Gcn pathway is conserved in all eukaryotes, including mammals such as humans,
where it is a crucial part of the integrated stress response (ISR). Gcn1 serves as an essential …

Stalling during translation triggers ribosome quality control (RQC) to maintain proteostasis.
Recently, stalling has also been linked to the activation of integrated stress response (ISR) …

Transfer RNAs (tRNA) are best known for their role as adaptors during translation of the
genetic code. Beyond their canonical role during protein biosynthesis, tRNAs also perform …

The protein kinase Gcn2 is present in virtually all eukaryotes and is of increasing interest
due to its involvement in a large array of crucial biological processes. Some of these are …

Starvation for amino acids induces Gcn4p, a transcriptional activator of amino acid
biosynthetic genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In an effort to identify all genes regulated …

Protein kinase GCN2 regulates translation in amino acid–starved cells by phosphorylating
eIF2. GCN2 contains a regulatory domain related to histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS) …

Yeast cells sense the amount and quality of external nutrients through multiple
interconnected signaling networks, which allow them to adjust their metabolism …