Physical forces are ubiquitous in biological processes across scales and diverse contexts.
This review highlights the significance of mechanical forces in nervous system development …

Induction of long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP) in excitatory neurons triggers a transient
enlargement of dendritic spines followed by decay to sustained size expansion, a process …

Increasing evidence suggests that mechanics play a critical role in regulating brain function
at different scales. Downstream integration of mechanical inputs into biochemical signals …

Dendritic spines are small protrusions arising from dendrites and constitute the major
compartment of excitatory post-synapses. They change in number, shape, and size …

Evidence indicates that long-term memory formation creates long-lasting changes in
neuronal morphology within a specific neuronal network that forms the memory trace …

The growth cone, a motile structure located at the tip of growing axons, senses extracellular
guidance cues and translates them into directional forces that drive axon outgrowth and …

Synaptic plasticity is important for learning and memory formation; it describes the
strengthening or weakening of connections between synapses. The postsynaptic part of …

To establish functional networks, neurons must migrate to their appropriate destinations and
then extend axons toward their target cells. These processes depend on the advances of …

Purpose: Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) connect the retina to the brain. Proper development
of the axons and dendrites of RGCs is the basis for these cells to function as projection …

Abstract Background l-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) is the most effective drug for
Parkinson's disease (PD); however, most PD patients develop motor fluctuations including …