Heart failure (HF) is frequently the consequence of sustained, abnormal neurohormonal,
and mechanical stress and remains a leading cause of death worldwide. The key …

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic, complex condition with increasing incidence worldwide,
necessitating the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This has led to the current …

Background: Heart failure (HF) coincides with cardiomyocyte telomere shortening. Arterial
hypertension is the most prominent risk factor for HF. Both HF and arterial hypertension are …

Despite significant advances in treating heart disease, heart failure remains a major cause
of morbidity and mortality. Regardless of the initiating cause (s), heart failure is associated …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) triggers the risk of developing uremic cardiomyopathy as
characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and functional impairment. Traditionally …

Both the activation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) and elevations of
circulating Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF-23) have been implicated in the pathogenesis …

The kidneys play a vital role in the excretion of waste products and the regulation of
electrolytes, maintenance of acid–base balance, regulation of blood pressure, and …

Heart failure (HF) is a heterogeneous condition that can be categorized according to the left
ventricular ejection fraction (EF) into HF with reduced (HFrEF) or preserved (HFpEF) EF …

Aims The sympathetic nervous system increases HR by activating β-adrenergic receptors (β-
ARs) and increasing cAMP in sinoatrial node (SAN) myocytes while phosphodiesterases …

Growing evidence indicates that overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a
prominent role in the development of cardio-and cerebro-vascular diseases. Among the …