Fungi infections cause approximately 60–70% yield loss through diseases such as rice
blast, powdery mildew, Fusarium rot, downy mildew, etc. Plants naturally respond to these …

Plant specialized metabolites (PSMs) are variably distributed across taxa, tissues, and
ecological contexts; this variability has inspired many theories about PSM function, which to …

Vascular plants reinforce the cell walls of the different xylem cell types with lignin phenolic
polymers. Distinct lignin chemistries differ between each cell wall layer and each cell type to …

Tomato varieties resistant to the bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum have the
ability to restrict bacterial movement in the plant. Inducible vascular cell wall reinforcements …

As ever more component monomers are discovered, lignin can no longer be regarded as
deriving from just the three canonical monolignols. Pathway intermediates such as the …

Success of plants largely depends on their ability to defend against herbivores. Since
emergence of the first voracious consumers, plants maintained adapting their structures and …

Release from enemies can lead to rapid evolution in invasive plants, including reduced
metabolic investment in defence. Conversely, reassociation with enemies leads to renewed …

Lignin is largely produced by the oxidative radical coupling of the three monolignols, p-
coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohols, which form the p-hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, and …

Maize is one of the most important crops for food, cattle feed and energy production.
However, maize is frequently attacked by various pathogens and pests, which pose a …

The timely removal of end‐of‐purpose flowering organs is as essential for reproduction and
plant survival as timely flowering. Despite much progress in understanding the molecular …