Mammalian genomes express two principal gene categories through RNA polymerase II-
mediated transcription: protein-coding transcription units and non-coding RNA transcription …

The human gene catalogue is essentially complete, but we lack an equivalently vetted
inventory of bona fide human enhancers. Hundreds of thousands of candidate enhancers …

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) direct a remarkable number of diverse functions in development
and disease through their regulation of transcription, RNA processing and translation …

The journey of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) as it transcribes a gene is anything but a smooth
ride. Transcript elongation is discontinuous and can be perturbed by intrinsic regulatory …

Enhancers are cis-regulatory elements in the genome that cooperate with promoters to
control target gene transcription. Unlike promoters, enhancers are not necessarily adjacent …

Transcription in several organisms from certain bacteria to humans has been observed to be
stochastic in nature: toggling between active and inactive states. Periods of active nascent …

The concept of early termination as an important means of transcriptional control has long
been established. Even so, its role in metazoan gene expression is underappreciated …

Metazoan genomes are broadly transcribed by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), but surprisingly
few of these RNAs encode proteins. Accordingly, there is great interest in understanding the …

Gene transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is under control of promoters and distal
regulatory elements known as enhancers. Enhancers are themselves transcribed by Pol II …

Many genes are regulated by multiple enhancers that often simultaneously activate their
target gene. However, how individual enhancers collaborate to activate transcription is not …