Lyme disease Borrelia are obligately parasitic, tick-transmitted, invasive, persistent bacterial
pathogens that cause disease in humans and non-reservoir vertebrates primarily through …

The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is a tick-borne obligate parasite whose normal reservoir
is a variety of small mammals. Although infection of these natural hosts does not lead to …

This study demonstrates a strict temporal requirement for a virulence determinant of the
Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi during a unique point in its natural infection …

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex is capable of establishing persistent
infections in a wide variety of species, particularly rodents. Infection is asymptomatic or mild …

Antigenic variation is defined as a hereditable, reversible variation in an antigenic structure
that occurs during the course of infection at a rate higher than would be expected for …

Summary The linear plasmid, lp28‐1, is required for persistent infection by the Lyme disease
spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. This plasmid contains the vls antigenic variation locus …

Pathogenic microorganisms employ numerous molecular strategies in order to delay or
circumvent recognition by the immune system of their host. One of the most widely used …

Is chronic illness in patients with Lyme disease caused by persistent infection? Three
decades of basic and clinical research have yet to produce a definitive answer to this …

Borrelia burgdorferi, the aetiological agent of Lyme disease, follows a life cycle that involves
passage between the tick vector and the mammalian host. To investigate the role of the 36 …

Lyme disease Borrelia can infect humans and animals for months to years, despite the
presence of an active host immune response. The vls antigenic variation system, which …