Several neurodegenerative disorders involve impaired neurotransmission, and
glutamatergic neurotransmission sets a prototypical example. Glutamate is a predominant …

ATP is a (co) transmitter and signaling molecule in the CNS. It acts at a multitude of ligand-
gated cationic channels termed P2X to induce rapid depolarization of the cell membrane …

Disturbances of lipid homeostasis in cells provoke human diseases. The elucidation of the
underlying mechanisms and the development of efficient therapies represent formidable …

Microglia, the resident macrophage cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are involved
in a myriad of processes required to maintain CNS homeostasis. These cells are dynamic …

With increasing age, structural changes occur in the eye and brain. Neuronal death,
inflammation, vascular disruption, and microglial activation are among many of the …

Over the past several decades a large amount of data have established that glial cells, the
main cell population in the brain, dynamically interact with neurons and thus impact their …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as powerful players in cell‐to‐cell communication
both in healthy and diseased brain. In Parkinson's disease (PD)—characterized by selective …

Background In the central nervous system (CNS), connexin 43 (Cx43) is mainly expressed
in astrocytes and regulates astrocytic network homeostasis. Similar to Cx43 overexpression …

Neurons are particularly vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction due to high energy demand
and an inability to proliferate. Therefore, dysfunctional mitochondria cause various …

Glucocorticoid stress hormones are powerful modulators of brain function and can affect
mood and cognitive processes. The hippocampus is a prominent glucocorticoid target and …