ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human
polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of …

Women are at twice the risk for anxiety and depression disorders as men are, although the
underlying biological factors and mechanisms are largely unknown. In this review, we …

After advanced age, female sex is the major risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease
(AD), the most common cause of dementia affecting over 24 million people worldwide. The …

Despite widespread sex differences in prevalence and presentation of numerous illnesses
affecting the human brain, there has been little focus on the effect of endocrine ageing. Most …

Introduction Despite a large preclinical literature demonstrating neuroprotective effects of
estrogen, use of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the mechanisms underlying its etiology and progression are
complex and multifactorial. The higher AD risk in women may serve as a clue to better …

Menopause is the cessation of ovarian function, with loss of reproductive hormone
production and irreversible loss of fertility. It is a natural part of reproductive aging. The …

The impacts of menopause on neurodegenerative diseases, especially the changes in
steroid hormones, have been well described in cell models, animal models, and humans …

Background and Objectives To examine associations between indicators of estrogen
exposure from women's reproductive history and brain MRI biomarkers of Alzheimer disease …

Abstract 17β-estradiol, the most biologically active estrogen, exerts wide-ranging effects in
brain through its action on estrogen receptors (ERs), influencing higher-order cognitive …