A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between arteries and veins
within the cavernous sinus and may be classified as either direct or dural. Direct CCFs are …

Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are vascular shunts allowing blood to flow from the
carotid artery into the cavernous sinus. The characteristic clinical features seen in patients …

Carotid cavernous sinus fistulas are abnormal communications between the carotid system
and the cavernous sinus. Several classification schemes have described carotid cavernous …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate findings for patients with carotid cavernous fistulae or dural
arteriovenous fistulae (AVFs) who underwent transvenous embolization via different …

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the single-centre experience with
transvenous coil treatment of dural carotid–cavernous sinus fistulas. Methods: Between …

✓ A carotid–cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the
cavernous sinus and the carotid arterial system. Some fistulas are characterized by a direct …

The cavernous sinus is defined as a dural envelope through which the intracranial
extradural segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and its branches traverse from the …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To describe the results of transvenous embolizations of
cavernous dural arteriovenous fistua (cDAVF) with an emphasis on identifying the incidence …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular TVE for DCCF is used for curative
purposes, but serious complications can be caused with inadequate embolization. Our aim …

Opinion statement The treatment of a carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) depends on the
severity of the clinical symptoms, its angiographic characteristics, and the risk it presents for …