Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects peripheral
organs as well as the central nervous system and involves a fundamental role of …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is clinically, pathologically, and genetically heterogeneous,
resisting distillation to a single, cohesive disorder. Instead, each affected individual develops …

Parkinson's disease is a recognisable clinical syndrome with a range of causes and clinical
presentations. Parkinson's disease represents a fast-growing neurodegenerative condition; …

Parkinson's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disorder for which both rare and
common genetic variants contribute to disease risk, onset, and progression. Mutations in …

Although serum from patients with Parkinson's disease contains elevated levels of
numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF, IL-1β, and IFNγ, whether …

One of the most common monogenic forms of Parkinson disease (PD) is caused by
mutations in the LRRK2 gene that encodes leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2). LRRK2 …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. While a number of
nonmotor manifestations arise, the typical clinical features involve a movement disorder …

ABSTRACT A substantial proportion of risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) is driven by
genetics. Progress in understanding the genetic basis of PD has been significant. So far …

The genetic landscape of Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by rare high penetrance
pathogenic variants causing familial disease, genetic risk factor variants driving PD risk in a …

Neurodegenerative diseases pose a substantial socioeconomic burden on society.
Unfortunately, the aging world population and lack of effective cures foreshadow a negative …