Despite the remarkable success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in melanoma
treatment, resistance to them remains a substantial clinical challenge. Myeloid-derived …

In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in tumor microenvironment-associated
cancer vaccine therapies. These innovative treatments aim to activate and enhance the …

The identification and characterization of tumor antigens are central objectives in developing
anti-cancer immunotherapy. Traditionally, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are considered …

Programmed cell death (PCD, mainly including apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis,
and autophagy) and immunogenic cell death (ICD), as important cell death mechanisms, are …

Cancer progression and metastasis due to tumor immune evasion and drug resistance is
strongly associated with immune suppressive cellular responses, particularly in the case of …

Successful antitumor immunity largely relies on efficient T cell priming by antigen-presenting
cells (APCs); however, the capacity of APCs is found to be defective in many cancers …

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous cell population with potent
suppressive and regulative properties. MDSCs' strong immunosuppressive potential creates …

The success of immunotherapeutic approaches in hematological cancers is partially
hampered by the presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Myeloid-derived …

Background Circulating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-specific T cells that recognize
TGF-β-expressing immune regulatory cells have been described in patients with cancer …

The origins of cancer vaccines date back to the 1800s. Since then, there have been
significant efforts to generate vaccines against solid and hematologic malignancies using a …