Protein kinases are major players in various signal transduction pathways. Understanding
the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses has …

Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts the growth and yield of crops.
Understanding the physiological, metabolic, and biochemical responses of plants to salt …

Abiotic stresses and soil nutrient limitations are major environmental conditions that reduce
plant growth, productivity and quality. Plants have evolved mechanisms to perceive these …

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone regulating plant growth, development,
and stress responses. It has an essential role in multiple physiological processes of plants …

Salt stress is one of the significant environmental stressors that severely affects plant growth
and development. Plant responses to salt stress involve a series of biological mechanisms …

Salt stress simultaneously causes ionic toxicity, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress, which
directly impact plant growth and development. Plants have developed numerous strategies …

Soil salinity is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses affecting plant survival, and light is
a core environmental signal regulating plant growth and responses to abiotic stress …

Salt stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth and productivity. A better
understanding of the mechanisms mediating salt resistance will help researchers design …

Contents Summary 523 I. Introduction 523 II. Sensing salt stress 524 III. Ion homeostasis
regulation 524 IV. Metabolite and cell activity responses to salt stress 527 V. Conclusions …

Soil salinization is an essential environmental stressor, threating agricultural yield and
ecological security worldwide. Saline soils accumulate excessive soluble salts which are …