The present paper reviews the methods and the performance of in situ formation of calcium
phosphates (CaP) for the conservation of materials belonging to cultural heritage. The core …

Due to natural effects (stone aging), human factors and other reasons, stone relics,
especially open-air stone relics, have suffered varying degrees of damage. Therefore …

Many of the concrete structures that conform our modern cultural heritage are in need of
repair and protective interventions. Silane-based impregnation treatments can be used to …

For consolidation of weathered carbonate materials (such as marble, limestone and lime-
based mortars) no fully satisfactory treatment currently exists. In this paper, an innovative …

No fully satisfactory consolidant for sugaring marble currently exists, hence the use of
ammonium phosphate to form hydroxyapatite (HAP) inside marble micro-cracks has recently …

Ethyl silicate (tetraethoxysilane, TEOS) is commonly used for consolidating construction
materials containing siliceous components such as sandstone, cement mortars and concrete …

Chemical consolidation of rocks is a common practice in the petroleum industry. Usually, this
technique is applied to sustain production from unconsolidated or weak sandstone …

This study aims at providing a dataset for selecting the most suitable consolidant for marble,
limestone and lime mortar. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP), nanolimes (NL), ethyl …

The durability of a new phosphate consolidant for limestone, based on formation of
hydroxyapatite (HAP), was investigated in comparison with ethyl silicate (ES). Untreated …

This work aims to reveal the recent research trends in the consolidation of stone-built
heritage and discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the options and strategies followed …