The existing vaccine paradigm assumes that vaccines only protect against the target
infection, that effective vaccines reduce mortality corresponding to the target infection's …

Background Epidemiological and immunological studies are increasingly reporting non-
specific effects (NSEs) of vaccines; ie vaccines may affect the risk and severity of non …

Epidemiological studies regarding many successful vaccines suggest that vaccination may
lead to a reduction in child mortality and morbidity worldwide, on a grander scale than is …

Free-ranging domestic dogs (FRD) are not only vectors of zoonoses of public health
concern, but also pose direct threats to humans, livestock, and endangered wildlife. Many …

The mechanisms of trained immunity have been extensively described in vitro and the
beneficial effects are starting to be deciphered in in vivo settings. Prototypical compounds …

To achieve global elimination of human rabies from dogs by 2030, evidence-based
strategies for effective dog vaccination are needed. Current guidelines recommend inclusion …

Vaccines are everywhere hugely successful but are also under attack. The reason for the
latter is the perception by some people that vaccines are unsafe. However that may be …

The benefits of vaccines have been centred on their specific effects on subsequent
infections by target pathogens. Recent studies, however, have opened up new insights into …

Access to veterinary services can have positive impacts on animal health and welfare, and
on human mental and physical health and well-being; however, many communities …

Vaccination is the main tool to prevent the circulation of rabies in dog populations. The
development of an immune response after vaccination differs between individual dogs and …