Previous empirical studies have typically uncovered little evidence that police reduce crime.
One problem with those studies is a failure to adequately deal with the simultaneity between …

Justin McCrary (2002) demonstrates that a paper of mine on the subject of elections, police,
and crime published in this journal (Levitt, 1997) suffers from programming and classification …

Abstract Changes in the terror alert level set by the Department of Homeland Security
provide a shock to police presence in Washington, DC Using daily crime data during the …

OLS may understate the effect of unemployment on crime because of the endogeneity
problem (Raphael and Winter-Ember 2001). In this paper, we use changes in the real …

Differentiating empirically between deterrence and incapacitation is difficult since both are a
function of expected punishment. In this article we demonstrate that the introduction of …

Lojack is a hidden radio-transmitter device used for retrieving stolen vehicles Because there
is no external indication that Lojack has been installed, it does not directly affect the …

Empirical studies that use reported crime data to evaluate policies for reducing crime will
understate the true effectiveness of these policies if crime reporting/recording behavior is …

We use a difference‐in‐differences design to estimate the causal impact of the adoption of
dry laws in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area (SPMA) on violent behaviour. Dry laws cause a …

in the States Page 1 Economics and Crime in the States Z S 0 LTB EC S I T he author is (1. senior
economtst m the regional ; section Lift/21? Allortta Fed’s research department. He titan/rs Lucy …

Between 1985 and 1991 the homicide rate in the United'States increased by nearly 25
percent, from 7.9 to 9.8 per 100,000 residents. Almost all of this increase was accounted for …