Tryptophan is metabolized along three main metabolic pathways, namely the kynurenine,
serotonin and indole pathways. The majority of tryptophan is transformed via the kynurenine …

Reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) have personated themselves as integral
components of signal transduction processes regulating vital functions in plants exposed to …

Under a changing climate, cultivating climate-resilient crops will be critical to maintaining
food security. Here, we propose the application of reactive oxygen species (ROS) …

The calcium (Ca2+) signaling is a crucial event during plant-herbivore interaction, which
involves a transient change in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, which is sensed by Ca2+ …

Plants being sessile organisms and lacking both circulating phagocytic cells and somatic
adaptive immune response, have thrived on various defense mechanisms to fend off insect …

Arsenic (As) is a highly cytotoxic element impairing normal cellular functions, and its
bioremediation has become one of the environmental concerns. This study explored the …

Climate change-induced extreme weather events (heat, cold, drought, and flooding) will
severely affect crop production. Increasing the resilience of crops to fluctuating …

The cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450) are the largest enzyme family in plant
metabolism and widely involved in the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites …

Efficient access to the morphinan scaffold remains a major challenge in both synthetic
chemistry and biotechnology. Here, a biomimetic chemo-enzymatic strategy to synthesize …

Transgenic crops would serve as a tool to overcome the forthcoming crisis in food security
and environmental safety posed by degrading land and changing global climate …