Propofol and ketamine are commonly used for procedural sedation in children and the use
of dexmedetomidine and nitrous oxide is increasing. Although the intravenous route remains …

Since pain is a primary impetus for patient presentation to the Emergency Department (ED),
its treatment should be a priority for acute care providers. Historically, the ED has been …

Objective: Children and adolescents often require sedation and analgesia in emergency
situations. With the emergence of new therapeutic options, the obsolescence of others, and …

Ketamine has been reported to cause neonatal neurotoxicity via a neuronal apoptosis
mechanism; however, no in vivo research has reported whether ketamine could affect …

Background: Previous studies have shown ketamine can alter the proliferation and
differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro. However, these effects have not been …

Ketamine is an N‐methyl D‐aspartate receptor antagonist used off‐label to facilitate
dissociative anesthesia in children undergoing invasive procedures. Available for both …

Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic most commonly used in many pediatric procedures, has
been reported in many animal studies to cause widespread neuroapoptosis in the neonatal …

Background: Ketamine disrupts the proliferation and differentiation of developing neural
stem cells (NSCs). Therefore, the safe use of ketamine in pediatric anesthesia has been an …

Objectives The randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study evaluated the
administration of local infiltration of magnesium combined with ropivacaine to reduce pain …

Objectives The application of atropine for pediatric sedation in the emergency department
remains controversial. Our objective was to perform a comprehensive review of the literature …