Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major cause of death and disability worldwide.
Increasing evidence indicates that TBI is an important risk factor for neurodegenerative …

This review recounts the definitions and research evidence supporting the multifaceted roles
of neuroinflammation in the injured brain following trauma. We summarise the literature …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a well-known consequence of participation in activities such
as military combat or collision sports. But the wide variability in eliciting circumstances and …

Importance Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, play an
important role in the brain's response to injury and neurodegenerative processes. It has …

Microglial cells are recognized as the brain's intrinsic immune cells, mediating actions that
range from the protection against harmful conditions that modify CNS homeostasis, to the …

Quantification of microglial activation through morphometric analysis has long been a staple
of the neuroimmunologist's toolkit. Microglial morphological phenomics can be conducted …

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a significant health burden among military service
members. Although mTBI was once considered relatively benign compared to more severe …

Ageing is a process that gradually increases the organism's vulnerability to death. It affects
different biological pathways, and the underlying cellular mechanisms are complex. In view …

Background Microglia are critical mediators of neuroimmune pathology across multiple
neurologic disorders. Microglia can be persistently activated or “primed” by Toll-like receptor …

Perinatal brain injuries, including encephalopathy related to fetal growth restriction,
encephalopathy of prematurity, neonatal encephalopathy of the term neonate, and neonatal …