Parasites can dramatically reduce the fitness of their hosts, and natural selection should
favor defense mechanisms that can protect hosts against disease. Much work has focused …

Grooming is a well-recognized, multipurpose, behavior in arthropods and vertebrates. In this
paper, we review the literature to highlight the physical function, neurophysiological …

Social insects employ a range of behaviours to protect their colonies against disease, but
little is known about how such collective behaviours are orchestrated. This is especially true …

Immune systems are able to protect the body against secondary infection with the same
parasite. In insect colonies, this protection is not restricted to the level of the individual …

In social insects, grooming is considered as a behavioral defense against pathogen and
parasite infections since it contributes to remove microbes from their cuticle. However …

The care-kill response determines whether a sick individual will be treated or eliminated
from an insect society, but little is known about the physiological underpinnings of this …

Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae are two mosquito species that represent significant
threats to global public health as vectors of Dengue virus and malaria parasites …

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bb) is used to control the red palm
weevil (RPW) Rhyncophorus ferrugineus (Oliver). Beuveria bassiana can infect and kill all …

Termites have physiological and behavioral immunities that make them highly resistant to
pathogen infections, which complicates biocontrol efforts. However, the stimuli that trigger …

The successful life of insect societies has evolved from the division of labor among more or
less specialized individuals, who carry out all necessary tasks for the maintenance and …