Predicting the effects of climate change on Earth's biota becomes even more challenging
when acknowledging that most species have life cycles consisting of multiple stages, each …

During the last two decades, several Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) have affected
coralligenous assemblages in the Mediterranean Sea, causing catastrophic mass mortalities …

Many animals are able to produce similar offspring over a range of environmental
conditions. This property of the developmental process has been termed canalization—the …

Climate change is one of the biggest emerging threats to marine biodiversity in the
Mediterranean Sea. In this chapter, we focus on the recurrent and large scale mass mortality …

Gorgonians are important habitat-providing species in the Mediterranean Sea, but their
populations are declining due to microbial diseases and repeated mass mortality events …

Mediterranean gorgonians are being threatened by the impact of recurrent extreme climatic
events, such as marine heatwaves (MHWs). The white gorgonian Eunicella singularis was …

Coral reefs are threatened worldwide by global climate change, manifested in
anthropogenic ocean warming and acidification. Despite the importance of coral sexual …

Antipatharians (black corals) are major components of mesophotic ecosystems in the
Mediterranean Sea. The arborescent species Antipathella subpinnata has received …

Ocean warming, caused by climate change, is critically impacting marine coastal
ecosystems. Benthic organisms, such as anthozoans, are increasingly submitted to high …

The frequency and severity of marine heatwaves causing mass mortality events in tropical
and temperate coral species increases every year, with serious consequences on the …