Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as additive manufacturing, permits the fabrication
of fully customized objects with a high level of geometrical complexity at reduced fabrication …

Three dimensional (3D) printing involves a number of additive manufacturing techniques
that are used to build structures from the ground up. This technology has been adapted to a …

Abstract Medical three-dimensional (3D) printing has expanded dramatically over the past
three decades with growth in both facility adoption and the variety of medical applications …

Objective Three-dimensional (3D)-printing technology is being employed in a variety of
medical and surgical specialties to improve patient care and advance resident physician …

Microtia is a congenital malformation affecting one in 5000 individuals and is characterized
by physical deformity or absence of the outer ear. Nowadays, surgical reconstruction with …

The craniofacial region consists of several different tissue types. These tissues are quite
commonly affected by traumatic/pathologic tissue loss which has so far been traditionally …

The current state of the literature shows promising results, but has not yet been validated by
large studies or randomized controlled trials. Ultimately, further research and advancements …

Purpose Currently, surgeons approach autogenous microtia repair by creating a two-
dimensional (2D) tracing of the unaffected ear to approximate a three-dimensional (3D) …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a promising technology that can use a patient's
image data to create complex and personalized constructs precisely. It has made great …

Importance Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging tool in the creation of
anatomical models for simulation and preoperative planning. Its use in sinus and skull base …