Auditory distance perception plays a major role in spatial awareness, enabling location of
objects and avoidance of obstacles in the environment. However, it remains under …

There is growing evidence that sensory deprivation is associated with crossmodal
neuroplastic changes in the brain. After visual or auditory deprivation, brain areas that are …

Recent advances in the instrumentation technology of sensory substitution have presented
new opportunities to develop systems for compensation of sensory loss. In sensory …

There is currently considerable interest in the consequences of loss in one sensory modality
on the remaining senses. Much of this work has focused on the development of enhanced …

Recent studies combining psychophysical and neurophysiological experiments in behaving
monkeys have provided new insights into how several cortical areas integrate efforts to …

Spatial navigation in the absence of vision has been investigated from a variety of
perspectives and disciplines. These different approaches have progressed our …

We have used positron emission tomography (PET) to measure regional cerebral blood flow
(rCBF) in sighted and congenitally blind subjects performing auditory localization tasks …

Background A small number of blind people are adept at echolocating silent objects simply
by producing mouth clicks and listening to the returning echoes. Yet the neural architecture …

Bats and dolphins are known for their ability to use echolocation. They emit bursts of sounds
and listen to the echoes that bounce back to detect the objects in their environment. What is …

In sensory substitution, information acquired with one sensory modality is used to
accomplish a task which is normally subserved primarily by another sensory modality. We …