Recently, in the field of cancer treatment, the paradigm has changed to immunotherapy that
activates the immune system to induce cancer attacks. Among them, immune checkpoint …

Metastasis formation is the major cause of death in most patients with cancer. Despite
extensive research, targeting metastatic seeding and colonization is still an unresolved …

Regulatory T (Treg) cells, although vital for immune homeostasis, also represent a major
barrier to anti-cancer immunity, as the tumour microenvironment (TME) promotes the …

Disordered metabolic states, which are characterised by hypoxia and elevated levels of
metabolites, particularly lactate, contribute to the immunosuppression in the tumour …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer with a poor prognosis and few
treatment options. Here, building on the observation of elevated lactate (LA) in resected …

Solid tumors are generally characterized by an acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) that
favors cancer progression, therapy resistance and immune evasion. By single-cell RNA …

The presence of lactate in human tumours has been long neglected, confined to the role of a
waste product derived from glycolysis and as a biomarker of malignancy. More recently …

Lactate in tumors has long been considered “metabolic junk” derived from the glycolysis of
cancer cells and utilized only as a biomarker of malignancy, but is presently believed to be a …

Abnormal metabolic symbiosis is a typical characteristic that differentiates the tumor regions
from healthy tissues and meanwhile maintains tumor survival. It is of great potential to …

Acidosis, a common characteristic of the tumor microenvironment, is associated with
alterations in metabolic preferences of cancer cells and progression of the disease. Here we …