Net-zero emission and self-sustaining carbon-neutral have been widely encouraged and
intensively explored in wastewater treatment, as the wastewater industry accounts for …

Water contamination is a growing environmental issue. Several harmful effects on human
health and the environment are attributed to nitrogen contamination of water sources …

Methane is the final product of the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter. The
conversion of organic matter to methane (methanogenesis) as a mechanism for energy …

Among the several biofilm-based bioreactors, moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR) have
been extensively used for wastewater treatment due to low operational costs, technical …

The review encompasses the development of municipal wastewater treatment process using
MBBR from early stages, established application, and recent advancements. An overview of …

The high aggregation ability of anammox sludge has been extensively observed, but the
cause for their aggregation is challenging. Here the structure and composition of …

To maximize energy recovery, carbon capture followed by shortcut nitrogen removal is
becoming the most promising route in biological wastewater treatment. As the intermediate …

Nitrogen is a requisite and highly demanded element for living organisms on Earth.
However, increasing human activities have greatly altered the global nitrogen cycle …

This study describes an integrated granular sludge and fixed-biofilm (iGB) reactor
innovatively designed to carry out the anammox/partial-denitrification (A/PD) process for …

ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) represents an energy-efficient process for
biological nitrogen removal, particularly from wastewater streams with low chemical oxygen …