In birds, the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin is controlled by the releasing
hormones, gonadotrophin releasing hormone-I (GnRH-I) and vasoactive intestinal …

Avian breeding seasons vary in length and in the degree of asymmetry with respect to the
annual cycle in photoperiod to suit species-specific food resources. Asymmetry is the result …

Environments often vary with regard to their temporal resource availability, but little is
understood concerning how resource predictability impacts animals. The adaptive …

Concentrations of gonadal steroids such as testosterone (T) often vary widely in natural
populations, but the causes and particularly the consistency of this variation is relatively …

In changing environments, birds time reproduction to optimize survival of young (eg,
Wingfield, 1983; Perrins, 1970; Lack, 1968). Selective features of the environment (ultimate …

Seasonal breeding in many birds, including the European starling, is terminated by the
development of absolute reproductive photorefractoriness, followed by a postnuptial molt …

The Earth's land surfaces are being converted to urban spaces at an ever increasing rate,
irreversibly altering habitats, local climates, and biodiversity (Seto et al., 2011). One of the …

Available data demonstrate that the avian septal region shares a number of social behavior
functions and neurochemical features in common with mammals. However, the structural …

While photoperiod has been generally accepted as the primary if not the exclusive cue to
stimulate reproduction in photoperiodic breeders such as the laying hen, current knowledge …

The survival of offspring depends on environmental conditions. Many organisms have
evolved with seasonality, characterized as initiation‐termination‐reinitiation of several …