Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are transmembrane cell-surface proteins that act as signal
transducers. They regulate essential cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis …

It has become necessary to accept the clinical reality of therapeutic agents targeting the
cancer-associated immune system. In recent decades, several investigations have …

Simple Summary Cancer is one of the most life-threatening diseases that affects a rapidly
growing number of individuals worldwide. Currently, chemotherapy is the most common …

The specific regulation of inflammatory processes by steroid hormones has been actively
studied in recent years, especially by progesterone (P4) and progestins. The mechanisms of …

Ubiquitination is one of the most important post‐translational modifications which plays a
significant role in conserving the homeostasis of cellular proteins. In the ubiquitination …

Esculetin is a coumarin compound, which belongs to the class of benzopyrone enriched in
various plants such as Sonchus grandifolius, Aesculus turbinata, etc. Free radicals lead to …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic relapsing idiopathic inflammatory conditions
affecting the gastrointestinal tract. They are mainly represented by two forms, ulcerative …

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a multifunctional cytokine expressed by almost every
tissue and cell type. The signal transduction of TGF-β can stimulate diverse cellular …

The destructive effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the elderly and people
with cardiovascular disease have been proven. New findings shed light on the role of aging …

Catechins are a cluster of polyphenolic bioactive components in green tea. Anticarcinogenic
ef-fects of tea catechins have been reported since the 1980s, but it has been controversial …