Morphological observations have driven the course of biology ever since the first
microscope was built in the late sixteenth century. Molecular imaging is a rapidly emerging …

The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge of the etiology of euthyroid
and toxic multinodular goiter (MNG) with respect to the epidemiology, clinical characteristics …

Thyroid iodide uptake is basic to the clinical applications of radioiodine. Iodide uptake
occurs across the membrane of the thyroid follicular cells through an active transporter …

The thyroid concentrates iodide from the serum and oxidizes it at the apical membrane,
attaching it to tyrosyl residues within thyroglobulin (Tg) to make diiodotyrosine and …

Salivary gland dysfunction is one of the common side effects of high-dose radioiodine
therapy for thyroid cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an early start …

At the molecular level, the uptake of radioiodine and pertechnetate is proportional to the
expression of the thyroidal sodium/iodine symporter (NIS). Qualitative and quantitative …

Ophthalmic complications of 131I therapy, including ocular dryness, have been recently
investigated and described. However, nasolacrimal drainage system obstruction (NDSO) …

Pertechnetate (as 99mTcO4−), 123I−, and 131I− have a long and successful history of use in
the diagnosis and therapy of thyroid cancer, with uptake into thyroid tissue mediated by the …

Salivary gland side effects (SSEs) can be a source of significant morbidity in thyroid cancer
patients receiving radioactive iodine (RAI) for remnant ablation or therapy. However, the …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a secreted protein that regulates proliferation,
differentiation, and death in various cell types, including thyroid cells, although few details …