Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a classical, pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine. It is also
the first 'adipokine'described to be produced from adipose tissue, regulated in obesity and …

Natural compounds are widely used to prevent and treat various diseases due to their
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. As a kind of promising natural compound, plant …

Periodontitis is an infectious oral disease, which leads to the destruction of periodontal
tissues and tooth loss. Although the treatment of periodontitis has improved recently, the …

Background The past few years have witnessed a significant increase in research related to
plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) in biological and medical applications. Using …

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of small noncoding RNA involved in physiological and
pathological processes via the regulation of gene expression. Naked miRNAs are unstable …

Background The current COVID-19 pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2 which belongs to
coronaviridae family. Despite the global prevalence, there are currently no vaccines or …

Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complicated endocrine metabolic disease, accompanied
with oxidative stress injury and low-grade inflammation. The effects of polysaccharide …

Plants produce different types of nano and micro-sized vesicles. Observed for the first time in
the 60s, plant nano and microvesicles (PDVs) and their biological role have been …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules from 18 to 24
nucleotides that are produced by prokaryote and eukaryote organisms, which play a crucial …

The release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a common language, used by living organisms
from different kingdoms as a means of communication between them. Extracellular vesicles …