Microglial research has advanced considerably in recent decades yet has been constrained
by a rolling series of dichotomies such as" resting versus activated" and" M1 versus M2." …

ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human
polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of …

The human cerebral cortex has tremendous cellular diversity. How different cell types are
organized in the human cortex and how cellular organization varies across species remain …

As the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), microglia orchestrate
immune responses and dynamically sculpt neural circuits in the CNS. Microglial dysfunction …

Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and plays a
fundamental role in mediating the onset and progression of disease. Microglia, which …

Neuropathic pain is often caused by injury and diseases that affect the somatosensory
system. Although pain development has been well studied, pain recovery mechanisms …

Inflammatory processes and microglia activation accompany most of the pathophysiological
diseases in the central nervous system. It is proven that glial pathology precedes and even …

The treatment of multiple sclerosis has been transformed by the successful development of
immunotherapies that efficiently reduce disease activity and related clinical relapses during …

Microglia have been recently shown to manifest a very interesting phenotypical
heterogeneity across different regions in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) …

The pro-inflammatory immune response driven by microglia is a key contributor to the
pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Though the research of microglia …