As the area and range of surgical treatments in the orthopedic field have expanded, the
development of biomaterials used for these treatments has also advanced. Biomaterials …

Degenerative lumbar spinal disease (DLSD), including spondylolisthesis and spinal
stenosis, is increasing due to the aging population. Along with the disease severity, lumbar …

Objective Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is effective for
promoting robust fusion for long-level cervical deformity and revision surgeries. However …

(1) Background: Although metastatic spine disease is increasing, the debate on therapeutic
modality remains due to the heterogeneity of tumors and patients. This study aims to …

Background The commercially available design of a three-dimensional (3D)–printed
titanium (3D-Ti) cage can be divided into two types according to the presence of a window: a …

Lumbar fusion surgery for treating degenerative spinal diseases has undergone significant
advancements in recent years. In addition to posterior instrumentation, anterior interbody …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Patients scheduled for L4− 5 PLIF often have FS at L5-S1.
However, data on the clinical and radiographic outcomes of cases with mild-to-moderate …

Background: Few studies have documented the viability of E. coli-derived recombinant
human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion …

Objective Although several studies have reported successful fusion rates after oblique
lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) using allografts or dimerized bone matrix (DBM) instead of …

Objective Junctional failures after long fusion stopping at L5 can present at both proximal
and distal ends. The purpose of this study was to investigate incidences and risk factors of …