In comparison with 2D cell culture models, 3D spheroids are able to accurately mimic some
features of solid tumors, such as their spatial architecture, physiological responses …

In vitro tumor models have provided important tools for cancer research and serve as low-
cost screening platforms for drug therapies; however, cancer recurrence remains largely …

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a leading cause of cancer-related
deaths for women worldwide. Various cell models have been developed to study breast …

Cells have traditionally been viewed either as independently moving entities or as
somewhat static parts of tissues. However, it is now clear that in many cases, multiple cells …

Tissues and organs provide the structural and biochemical landscapes upon which
microbial pathogens and commensals function to regulate health and disease. While flat two …

Breast tumors grow in a tissue microenvironment containing extracellular matrix (ECM),
adipocytes, stromal cells, fluids, and blood vessels. This natural yet complex …

Galectin-3, the only chimera galectin found in vertebrates, is one of the best-studied
galectins. It is expressed in several cell types and is involved in a broad range of …

Background: The functional interplay between tumor cells and their adjacent stroma has
been suggested to play crucial roles in the initiation and progression of tumors and the …

Obesity and poor diet often go hand-in-hand, altering metabolic signaling and thereby
impacting breast cancer risk and outcomes. We have recently demonstrated that dietary …

Cancer cells form three-dimensional (3D) multicellular aggregates (or spheroids) under non-
adherent culture conditions. In ovarian cancer (OC), spheroids serve as a vehicle for cancer …