Indoor vertical farming (IVF) has expanded exponentially over the last couple of years and is
expected to have a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25.9% from 2022 to 2029. IVF …

Controlled environment agriculture (CEA) is an unconventional production system that is
resource efficient, uses less space, and produces higher yields. Deep learning (DL) has …

Vertical farming is a new agricultural system which aims to utilize the limited access to land,
especially in big cities. Vertical agriculture is the answer to meet the challenges posed by …

Vertical farming has emerged as a promising solution to cope with increasing food demand,
urbanization pressure, and limited resources and to ensure sustainable year-round urban …

Plant factories have a great potential for mitigating the contradiction between the world's
growing population and food scarcity. During the process of its automatic production …

In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to assess the thermo-fluid dynamic
behaviour of an indoor vertical farming system. Experimentally driven three-dimensional k-ε …

Perceiving the shape and structure of the real three-dimensional world through sensors and
cameras is indispensable across various domains. The 3D reconstruction technology is …

Climate change, resource scarcity, and a growing world population are some of the
problems facing traditional agriculture. For this reason, new cultivation systems are …

This study evaluated several decision-support tools that can be used to create a control
system capable of taking advantage of fluctuations in the price of resources and improving …

As global challenges of population growth, climate change, and resource scarcity intensify,
the agricultural landscape is at a critical juncture. Sustainable vertical farming emerges as a …