The ABCA4 protein (then called a “rim protein”) was first identified in 1978 in the rims and
incisures of rod photoreceptors. The corresponding gene, ABCA4, was cloned in 1997, and …

The choroid is one of the most vascularized structures of the human body and plays an
irreplaceable role in nourishing photoreceptors. As such, choroidal dysfunction is implicated …

Located between vessels of the choriocapillaris and light-sensitive outer segments of the
photoreceptors, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) closely interacts with photoreceptors in …

Stargardt disease (STGD, also known as fundus flavimaculatus; FFM) is an autosomal
recessive retinal disorder characterized by a juvenile-onset macular dystrophy, alterations of …

The retina exhibits an inherent autofluorescence that is imaged ophthalmoscopically as
fundus autofluorescence. In clinical settings, fundus autofluorescence examination aids in …

Mouse models have greatly assisted our understanding of retinal degenerations. However,
the mouse retina does not have a macula, leading to the question of whether the mouse is a …

Rim protein (RmP) is an ABC transporter of unknown function in rod outer segment discs.
The human gene for RmP (ABCR) is affected in several recessive retinal degenerations …

Emerging evidence indicates that the autofluorescent pigments that accumulate as
lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells may reach levels that contribute to a …

BACKGROUND--Variation of fluorescence derived from lipofuscin in the retinal pigment
epithelium has been recorded with age and in retinal diseases. Studies have been based …

Accumulation of lipofuscin is one of the most characteristic features of ageing observed in
retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The lipofuscin found in RPE cells differs from that of …