This paper estimates the effects on rural education of the send-down movement during the
Cultural Revolution, when about 16 million urban youth were mandated to resettle in the …

This paper investigates the causal impact of mother's schooling on various outcomes of
adolescent development by exploiting the temporal and geographical variations in the …

Schooling rewards people with labor market returns and nonpecuniary benefits in other
realms of life. However, there is no experimental evidence showing that education …

Whereas there is a large literature on estimating returns to education in China, few studies
have attempted to address the endogeneity of schooling choices. We explore the arguably …

This study investigates the effect of grandparental involvement in childcare on children's
locus of control (LOC), which is an important non-cognitive skill that affects children's future …

We examine the impact of parental socioeconomic status on adolescent cognitive and non-
cognitive development using data on adolescents from the 2014–15 Indonesian Family Life …

This paper studies the returns to military service in off-farm wage employment and the
implications of military service on the rural-urban transition in rural China. We exploit …

The assessment of non-cognitive skills and the relationship between non-cognitive skills
and cognitive skills have been studied using an interdisciplinary framework; however, this …

We examine the impact of educational attainment on participation in criminal activities,
employing the implementation of compulsory schooling laws (CSL) to address the …

High-level trade liberalization and the workforce development strategy are important
initiatives for economic development in the new era of China. Based on the 2005 National …